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ÀÓºÎÀÇ ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç°ú žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§, Ãâ»êº¯ÀΰúÀÇ °ü°è¿¬±¸

The Relationship among Stressful Life Events, Maternal-Fetla Attachment Behaviors and Childbirth Variables during Pregnancy

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KMID : 0892719990030010047
¹Ú¹Ì°æ ( Park Mi-Kyung ) - Àü³²°úÇдëÇÐ °£È£°ú

ÀÌ¿µ¼÷ ( Lee Young-Sook ) - Àü³²´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ °£È£Çаú

Abstract

º» ¿¬±¸´Â ÀÓºÎÀÇ ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç°ú žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§ÀÇ Á¤µµ¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÏ°í, ±× °ü°è¸¦ ÆľÇÇϸç, Ãâ»êº¯ÀÎ(ÀÓ½ÅÇÕº´Áõ, ÀӽŽà Áõ°¡ÇÑ ÀÓºÎüÁß, ÀӽűⰣ, Ãâ»ý½Ã ½Å»ý¾Æ üÁß) °£ÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ÆľÇÇÏ¿© È¿À²ÀûÀÎ »êÀü°ü¸®¸¦ À§ÇÑ °£È£ÁßÀçÀÇ ±âÃÊÀڷḦ Á¦½ÃÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½ÃµµµÈ ±â¼úÀû »ó°ü°ü°è ¿¬±¸ÀÌ´Ù.

ÀÚ·á¼öÁýÀº 1998³â 2¿ù 15ÀϺÎÅÍ 3¿ù 15ÀϱîÁö ±¤ÁÖ±¤¿ª½Ã¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇÑ 1°³ ´ëÇк´¿ø°ú 2°³ÀÇ »êºÎÀΰú Àü¹® °³Àκ´¿ø¿¡¼­ ¿¬±¸±â°£ µ¿¾È ºÐ¸¸ÇÑ »ê¸ð 133¸íÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¿¬±¸µµ±¸´Â ÀÌÆò¼÷(1984)ÀÇ ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°¼­°Ç ÃøÁ¤µµ±¸, Cranley(1981)ÀÇ Å¾ƾÖÂøôµµ(Maternal Fetal Attachment Scale)¸¦ ¼öÁ¤ º¸¿ÏÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç Àα¸ÇÐÀû, »ê°íÀû Ư¼º ¹× Ãâ»êº¯ÀÎ ±â·ÏÁö¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù.

ÀÚ·áºÐ¼®Àº SAS ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Àü»êÅë°è ó¸®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´ë»óÀÚÀÇ Á¦º¯Àΰú ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç, žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§, Ãâ»ê º¯ÀΰúÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ÆľÇÇÏ°íÀÚ t-test, ANOVA¿Í Pearson¡¯s correlation coefficients·Î ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¿¬±¸ °á°ú´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

1) Àα¸ÇÐÀû Ư¼º¿¡ µû¸¥ ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç Á¡¼öÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ º¸¸é, ±³À°¼öÁØÀÌ ÁßÁ¹ ÀÌÇÏÀÎ °æ¿ì(F=5.09, p<.01), ¿ù¼öÀÔÀÌ 70¸¸¿ø ¹Ì¸¸ÀÎ °æ¿ì(F=6060, p<.001), °áÈ¥±â°£ÀÌ 5³â ÀÌ»óÀÎ °æ¿ì(F=3.50, p<.05), °áÈ¥»ýÈ°¿¡ ¸¸Á·ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ °æ¿ì(F=13.13, p<.001)¿¡ ´õ ³ôÀº ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°ÇÁ¡¼ö¸¦ º¸¿´À¸¸ç, ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç ÃÑ Æò±ÕÆòÁ¡Àº 1.26Á¡À̾ú´Ù. Àα¸ÇÐÀû Ư¼º¿¡ µû¸¥ žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§ Á¡¼öÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§ ÃÑ Æò±ÕÆòÁ¡Àº 3.47Á¡À̾ú´Ù.

2) »ê°úÀû Ư¼º¿¡ µû¸¥ ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç Á¡¼öÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ º¸¸é, À¯»ê°æÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì(t=-2.42, p<.05), ÀÓ½ÅÁß Áõ°¡ÇÑ ÀÓºÎüÁßÀÌ ÀûÀº °æ¿ì(F=2.79, p<.05)¿¡ ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç Á¡¼ö°¡ À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô ´õ ³ô¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, »ê°úÀû Ư¼º¿¡ µû¸¥ žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§ Á¡¼öÀÇ Â÷À̴ ű³¸¦ ¸Å¿ì Àß ÇÑ °æ¿ì(F=7.94, p<.001)¿¡ ´õ ³ô¾Ò°í Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÇÇÏ¿´´Ù.

3) ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç°ú žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§°£ÀÇ »ó°ü°ü°è(r=-0.08, p=.325)´Â Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.

4) ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç Á¡¼ö¿¡ µû¸¥ ÀÓ½ÅÇÕº´ÁõÀº Àӽżº °íÇ÷¾ÐÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì(t=-2.53, p<.05), ¾Ç¼º ÀӽſÀÁ¶ÁõÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì(t=-2.32, p<.05)¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô ³ô¾Ò´Ù. ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç Á¡¼ö´Â ½ÉÀåÁúȯ, ÃâÇ÷, ´ç´¢º´, ºóÇ÷ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ´õ ³ô¾ÒÀ¸³ª Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.

5) ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç°ú Ãâ»êº¯ÀÎ Áß ÀӽŠÁß Áõ°¡ÇÑ ÀÓºÎüÁß°ú´Â ³·Àº ¿ª»ó°üÀ» º¸¿´À¸¸ç Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÇÇÏ¿´´Ù(r=-0.178, p=.039). ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç°ú ÀӽűⰣ, Ãâ»ý½Ã ½Å»ý¾Æ üÁß°£¿¡´Â Åë°èÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÀÇÇÑ °ü°è°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. Ãß°¡ºÐ¼® °á°ú ÀӽŽà Áõ°¡ÇÑ Ã¼Áß°ú ½Å»ý¾Æ üÁß°£¿¡´Â À¯ÀÇÇÑ Á¤»ó°üÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú°í(r=0.3249, p=.0001), ÀӽűⰣ°ú ½Å»ý¾Æ üÁßµµ ³ôÀº Á¤»ó°üÀ» º¸¿´´Ù(r=0.4852, p=.0001).

ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬±¸°á°ú¸¦ Á¾ÇÕÇغ¼ ¶§, ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°ÇÀº ÀÓ½ÅÁß °íÇ÷¾Ð°ú ¾Ç¼º ÀӽŠ¿ÀÁ¶Áõ ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°í, ÀÓºÎÀÇ ½ºÆ®·¹½º »ýÈ°»ç°Ç Á¡¼ö°¡ ³ôÀ»¼ö·Ï ÀӽŽà Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â ÀÓºÎüÁßÀº Àû¾îÁö¸ç ű³¸¦ Àß ÇÒ¼ö·Ï žƾÖÂøÇàÀ§Á¡¼ö°¡ ³ô¾Ò´Ù.

µû¶ó¼­ º» ¿¬±¸´Â ÀÓºÎÀÇ »êÀü°ü¸®½Ã ½ºÆ®·¹½º¸¦ ÁÖ´Â »ýÈ°»ç°ÇÀ» »çÁ¤ÇÏ¿©, °íÀ§Çè ÀÓºÎÀÇ ÇÕº´Áõ°ü¸®¿Í üÁß°ü¸®°¡ ¿ä±¸µÇ´Â »êÀü°ü¸® »çÁ¤ÀÚ·á·¯¼­ ÀÓ»ó½Ç¹«¸¦ °³¼±ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÇÀÇ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ç·áµÈ´Ù.

The purpose of this study was to examine on the relationship among stressful events, maternal-fetal attachment behaviors and childbirth variables(the weight gain of the mother during pregnancy, pregnancy-induced complication, the period of the pregnancy, the weight of the neonate).

The number of subjects was 133 parturient women at two local general hospitals and one university hospital in Kwangju. The research design was a retrospective survey using by the questionnaire. Data were collected by interviewing subjects from February, 15 to March, 15, 1998.

Measurement tool of stressful life events developed by Lee(1988) and Cranley¡¯s maternal-fetal attachment scale modified by Kim(1991) were adopted.

Data were processed using SAS/PC+ and analyzed in terms of percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson¡¯s correlation coefficient.

The results were summarized as follows :

1) The mean score of stressful life events was 1.26 points. Stressful life events were related to the lower education(F=5.09, p<0.01), the low income(F=6.60, p<0.001), a period of marriages or more years(F=3.50, p<0.05), the unsatisfied the marital relation(F=13.13, p<0.001).

2) The high stressful life events were related to the experience of abortion9t=-2.42, p<0.05) and the low weight gain of the mother during pregnancy(F=2.79, p<0.05). The mean score of maternal-fetal attachment behaviors was 3.47 points. Maternal-fetal attachment behavior was high in the taekyo group(F=7.94, p<0.001).

3) The correlation between stressful life events and maternal-fetal attachment behaviors was not statistically significant.

4) The mean scores of stressful life events were high in the pregnancy-induced hhpertension(t=-2.53, p<0.05) and severe hyperemesis gravidarum(t=-2.32, p<0.05).

5) Stressful life events and the weight gain of the mother during pregnancy was negatively correlated(r=-0.178, p<0.05). The correlation among stressful life events, the period of the pregnancy and the weight of the neonate were not statistically significant.

The pregnancy-induced hypertension and severe hyperemesis gravidarum were negatively affected by the experience degree of stressful life events. As the experience degree of stressful life events became higher, the scores of the weight gain of the mother during pregnancy became lower.
KeyWords

pregnancy, stressful life events, maternal-fetal attachment behaviors, childbirth variables
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